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James Holloway
Born early 1810 Baldwin Co., Mississippi Territory
Died after 1850 West Feliciana Parish LA

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SPOUSE	CHILDREN
? m. by 1830? ?West Feliciana Parish LA b. 1810? d. by 1850? ?Wes Feliciana Parish LA	?Susan b. 1830? West Feliciana Parish LA	Elizabeth b. 1831? West Feliciana Parish LA	Nancy b. late 1840 West Feliciana Parish LA
	Ann E. b. 1845? West Feliciana Parish LA	James (Jr.?) b. 1849/50 West Feliciana Parish LA
Most likely, father William Holloway was brought while still a teenager by his family to the pioneer Cumberland Settlement (in what is now central TN, including Nashville) over land with the Amos Eaton party of men, women and children. They arrived a week after the leading party of men, boys and animals led by James Robertson at the beginning of the year 1780.
In Oct 1781, grandfather John Holloway was shot and scalped by Indians "five leagues" from the Fort of Natchez. At the time, he was apparently working as "an overseer" of the plantation of Joshua Howard.
The Commandant of the Natchez District received notice of the death of John Holloway on Oct 24, 1781. On that date a Conveyance was issued to appoint the guardian of the surviving children, including William whose age was given as 13, and that of his older brother George was 14 [Wells, pp. 144-5, 148]. George was born on Dec 27, 1766, so William had to be born between Oct 24, 1767 and Oct 24, 1768. Next eldest son John, aged 12, then had to be born between Oct 24, 1769 and Oct 24, 1770.
In May 1782, 13 families arrived in the Natchez District after a flatboat journey down the Mississippi River including the families of William's uncles James White and John White.
In 1783, grandmother Elizabeth Holloway married John Stillee and they had three children over the next three years. They lived in Natchez where her husband is said to have bought a store or tavern "in the country" in partnership with a Jean Vauchere. This venture eventually failed when their property was seized by Vauchere and Carlos de Grand Pré, the Commandant of the Natchez District, in order to repay debts in 1787.
On Apr 30, 1785, there is an agreement between "John Stilly" and a James Brown in the Natchez District, that (aged 18 and about 17 year old) "George and William Holloway or two others as good would work in the crop along with four able negroes." It was certified that George Holloway worked with Still Lee at $1 per day in the crop of James Brown "to make it fit for sale" [McBee, Book F, p. 243].
About summer of 1786 George Holloway was "sent" to live with his uncle, William White, and his grandfather, James Taylor White, in NC, where part of the White family had become patriots in a part of the country that was being "pacified", that is, freed from Indian threats.
By May of 1787 the widow Elizabeth Holloway and her new husband John Stillee, along with their three children and the slaves Bella, Dorinda, and Lucinda, had left the Natchez District when Carlos de Grand-Pré authorized the settling of the "affairs of John Stilles, absconded" by having three disinterested persons examine the "books and accounts" of Stillee, and meet any debtors mentioned in the books along with George Fitzgerald, who would defend the "absent party" [Wells, Natchez Postscripts 1781-1798, p. 125].
The Stillee family relocated to the Tombigbee settlement in the province of West Florida (now in southern Alabama), and resided there until about 1796. That year the "population of the Tombigbee settlers was 287" [Elliott, The Fort of Natchez and the Colonial Origins of Mississippi, p. 35, ref. Holmes, Jack D.L., "Notes on the Spanish Fort San Esteban de Tombecbe" in Alabama Review, XVIII, 286].
In 1789, the Spanish took a Census of the Tombigbee District. The 38th family of the 44 listed was identified in the extracted version as "Juan ?", aged 37. This would have been the age of John Stillee, for all of 1789 except the first few weeks. The spouse information in the record is blank [Ala. Genealogy, website].
On Jul 13, 1792, younger brother John Holloway and brother-in-law Cadey Raby signed an agreement with Manuel Gayoso de Lemos (who became governor of the Natchez District) regarding travel outside of the District. In the document, Gayoso described John as living "in this District without destiny". Thus, it can be assumed that William had left the District by this date. English Translation of the original document handwritten in Spanish.
Map of the Natchez District as it may have looked between 1779 and 1799.
The names John and James Holloway appear in several 1790's Spanish Colonial documents and militia lists. On Oct 30, 1798, William's younger brothers John and James gave an oath of loyalty to the United States as the Natchez District became part of a US Territory (Mississippi was not admitted to the Union of States until 1817).
By Dec 1797, Elizabeth and John Stillee and their three children moved back to the Natchez District, after Manuel Gayoso de Lemos became governor. The new governor oversaw the withdrawal of Spain from the east side of the Mississippi River under the Pinckney Treaty. There John Stillee died in 1808.
In 1797, John Girault certified that Elizabeth Stillee had placed in his hands by authority of the Spanish government sufficient property to pay the five heirs of her late husband, John Holloway, namely, John, Robert, George, Elizabeth and Mary, their respective shares of their father's estate, "agreeable to the tenor of my hand dated 5 Dec, 1797" [McBee, "Louisiana Spanish West Florida Records"]. At that time, her son James was too young and son William was living outside the District.
On Jan 17, 1798, James' possible brother "Simon Holloway" was a witness in a court case in Natchez involving Waterman Crane and Thomasina Lord and some oxen [McBee, Natchez Court Records, p. 347]. On Mar 17, 1804 "Simeon Holliday" claimed 170 acres in Claiborne Co., "settled by sd Holliday in 1801" [McBee, p. 520]. The next day, Mar 18, William's stepfather, John Stillee, bought 640 acres on the "road leading through the Wilderness from Grindstone Ford" in Claiborne Co. [McBee, Book B, p. 399].
Grindstone Ford is in Claiborne Co., created in 1802 from Adams Co., Miss. Terr. and including the towns of Port Gibson and Grand Gulf (see present day map). Claiborne Co. now borders Jefferson Co. (see present day map for location of Claiborne Co.).
Franklin Co. MS was formed on Dec 21, 1809 from the eastern part of Jefferson Co. and parts of Amite, Wilkinson and Adams Counties (see present day map for location).
Father William is listed in the 1810 Census for Baldwin Co. in the part of the Mississippi Territory that bordered Spanish West Florida. The household of "William Hollaway" is listed 17th on the 5th page, and consisted of one male and one female adult, two sons under age 21 (James a baby, and ?George), and no slaves. Just below are the larger households of "Reuben Thompson" and "Thos White". These three households are not found in the next Baldwin Co. census taken in 1816. Nor are there any households with the Hollaway, Thompson, White surname in either Baldwin or Mobile Co. censuses or tax lists.
On Aug 30, 1813 during the Creek Indian War of 1813-14, Fort Mims, about 40 miles north of Mobile Bay was attacked by the Creek faction known as the Redsticks. About 250 civilians, including most of the women and children and in the fort died in the massacre [Fort Mims and the Indian Creek War, 1813-14 historical marker, photos of side one, side two]. According to the 1927 Fort Mims National Historic Site Marker 900 people died there, the "worst massacre that has ever occurred on American soil" [Alabama Historical Society].
According to a letter written by Harry Toulmin in 1813 after the Fort Mims massacre, "about 24 familes, 160 souls... almost all who perished... About 100 slaves, most of whom died. 247 bodies buried". Not all who died are known.
Baldwin Co. was formed from the southern part of Washington Co. in the Mississippi Territory on Dec 21, 1809. Washington Co. was formed by Jun 1800 and included the Tombigbee Dist. 1801 Map of the Mississippi Territory shows Washington Co. northeast of Mobile Bay and west of the Tombigbee River, where William's mother Elizabeth White Holloway and her second husband, John Stillee, had lived from 1788 to 1795.
The seat of Baldwin Co. was McIntosh Bluff on the Tombigbee River, which is now in Washington Co. In 1817 it was in the Alabama Territory. Alabama became a state in 1819.
McIntosh Bluff is named for John McIntosh Sr. (1712?-1780?). He had a brother William H. McIntosh (1715?-1787?). Both were born in Scotland and came to Georgia. James McIntosh Sr. (1710?-1787) could be another brother. John Stillee worked for the McIntosh family. McIntosh Bluff Historical Marker.
William is not listed in the 1816 Census for Washington Co. nor are the households of "Reuben Thompson" and "Thos. White", William's neighbors in the 1810 Baldwin Co. Census. In 1788, "Thomas White" and "Isabel Morgan" baptised children "Isabel" and "Ana" in the Tombigbee District [Tensaw Settlement ..., ancestry.com]. That same year, on Nov 17, "Juan Lee" and "Isabel White" baptised their three children there [Records of Old Mobile Parish 1781-1850]. In 1810 Baldwin Co.(AL), the family of "Thos White" had: 3 males over aged 21 [?cousin Thomas, ?sons], 2 males under 21, 1 female over 21 [wife Isabel Morgan], 3 females under 21, and 14 slaves. In 1816 "Wheat" households appeared in the index to the census in Washington Co., created in 1800, and bordering Baldwin Co. and containing the Tombigbee District. Richard and John Morgan families were also listed. A "Juan Morgan", aged 43, household was one of 44 in the 1789 Census of the Tombigbee District with no spouse information.
In the 1816 Franklin Co. MS Census, page 12 (line 14), there is a household headed by brother "George Halloway" with a male and female over age 20 with one male child and no slaves. On line 8 of the same page is a James Ford household with: 1 male over 20, 1 male under 20, 2 females over 20, 2 females under 20, and no slaves. On page 9, there are 2 large Ford households [uncle John Holloway's brothers-in-law]: John Ford (line 2) and Thomas Ford (line 3). James Ford may be Thomas' second son.
Brother "George Holloway", aged 26-45, headed a household on page 365, line 13 of the 1820 Wilkinson Co. MS Census. His household also had a female aged 16-26, and a male and female aged 10 or younger.
Wilkinson Co. MS was formed in 1802 and was previously in the southern part of the Natchez District (see present day map for location).
In the East Feliciana Parish LA 1830 Census, the 5th entry on page 215 lists the household of brother "George Holloway" as having three males and two females: 1 male under age 5, 1 male aged 10-15, 1 male aged 30-40, (himself), 1 female under age 5, 1 female 30-40 (wife), and no slaves.
Feliciana Parish LA was founded in 1810 (see present day map for location), and borders Mississippi south of Natchez.
In the 1840 West Feliciana Parish LA Census, page 204, line 20, was the household of "James Holloway" having a female, age 20-30, and a male child under 5 years old [familysearch.org].
In the 1850 West Feliciana Parish LA Census, number 324, "James Holoway" is listed number 324 as a Farmer, born in "Alabama", 40 years old, with: James, age 9 months; Ann E., age 5; Nancy, age 10; Elizabeth, age 19; Susan, age 20; and no slaves. No other Holloway households were listed in either the 1840 or 1850 census of the parish. In 1810 James' birthplace would be Baldwin Co., where his father was counted in 1810, and which became part of the state of Alabama in 1819.
SOURCES: Alabama Genealogy, "1789 Spanish Census for Tombigbee District", website, posted Aug 22, 2022. Baldwin Co. AL, "1810 Citizens of Baldwin County, Mississippi Territory", Genealogy Trails website. Baldwin Co. AL, "1816 Citizens of Baldwin County, Mississippi Territory", website. Elliott, Jack D. Jr., The Fort of Natchez and the Colonial Origins of Mississippi, rev. 2013 of article in Journal of Miss. Hist., 1990. Franklin Co. MS Census 1830, www.familyhistory,org, website, pp. 155-157. "John Holloway, 1851", File H-3, on p. 208 of "The MS Cains", website. John Stillee Bible. McBee, May Wilson, comp., Holloway Succussion Records of St. Helena Parish, LA, Greenwood MS, May 1990, p. 19. McBee, May Wilson, comp., Natchez Court Records, 1767-1805, pp. 347, 399, Book F, p. 243. Records of Old Mobile Parish 1781-1850, Sec. 8, Bk 2, record nos. 125,126, transcribed from original photocopy in Spanish (signed by Rev. Miguel Lamport) by Bernadette Mathews, Archivist, The Catholic Center, Mobile AL, Feb 11, 1999. "The Tensaw Settlement Part 3 1788-1799", baptisms recorded from Love's Legacy on ancestry.com. U.S. Census, West Feliciana Parish LA, 1840, familysearch.org, website, p. 204. USGenWeb, "The 1820 Census Wilkinson Co. MS", trans. by Virginia Ewing from microfilm, 2001. USGenWeb Archives, West Feliciana Parish LA 1850 Census, Donald W. Johnson, 1976. Veach, Damon, "Louisiana Ancestors", article in Sunday Advocate Magazine, Baton Rouge LA, Feb 21, 1982. Washington Co. AL, "1816 Citizens of Washington County, Mississippi Territory", website. Wells, Carol, Natchez Postscripts 1781-1798, Heritage Books, Bowie MD, 1992, pp. 52, 101, 125, 144-5, 148, 151. White, Gifford, "James White and John White", Wm Wiseman & the Davenports, Pioneers Of Old Burke County, North Carolina, v.2 by M.L.Vineyard & E.M.Wiseman, Franklin NC,1997, p. 111. White, Gifford, James Taylor White of Virginia and some of his descendants into Texas, Austin, TX, 1982.