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John Armistead Carter
Born Aug 4, 1695/6 ?Corotoman Plantation, Lancaster Co. VA
Died Jul 31, 1742 ?Shirley Plantation Charles City Co. or Williamsburg VA

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Father
SPOUSE CHILDREN
Elizabeth Cooke Hill

m. Oct 3, 1723
Shirley Plantation, Charles City Co. VA
b. Feb 23, 1703
Hesse, Gloucester Co. VA
d. Jun 1771?
Corotoman Plantation, Lancaster Co. VA
?Elizabeth

b. 1688?
?Lancaster Co. VA
d. Dec 30, 1734
York Co. VA
Col. John Jr.

b. 1727?
VA
d. 1781?
?Washington Dist. NC or Davidson Co. (TN)
Charles Hill

b. Oct 15, 1732
?Corotoman Plantation,Lancaster Co. VA
d. Jun 24, 1806?
Shirley Plantation, Charles City Co. VA
Mary

b. 1734?
Lancaster Co. VA
d. ?
Edward

b. 1734?
Shirley Plantation, Charles City Co. VA
d. Jun 6, 17942
Spotsylvania Co. VA
John's grandfather, John Carter Sr. (1613?-by 1670) emigrated from England to VA in 1635, settling in Upper Norfolk Co. VA by 1649 [wikipedia, website].
Lancaster Co. VA (see present day map for location) was formed from York Co. (See present day map) and Northumberland Co. in 1651.
In the 1670's, father Robert lived in England. returning to his birthplace, Corotoman Plantation, to live with his half-brother, John Carter Jr. who was married to Elizabeth Travers Carter. When John Jr. died in 1790, Robert inherited his land and some land from a younger half-brother.
In 1710, a John Holloway "leased [from the Crown] for a term of 500 years a tract of 2,660 acres in the section which became Drysdale Parish across the Rappahannock-Mattapony watershed from the headwaters of Peumandsend [Creek]". This was likely the John born 1670 and died after 1720, who was the son of George Holloway II (1638-1688). Then Holloway sold the lease to John's father, Robert "King" Carter, "of Lancaster for seven pounds sterling and six Negroes". Carter never lived on the property but "he and his heirs maintained a plantation there for many years with an overseer in charge" [Campbell, pp. 318, 442].
The wife of William Holloway (1730-1792?) was possibly a Mary Carter who may have been a close descendant of John's father, Robert "King" Carter, who was a Caroline Co. VA landowner, and before the county was created, a council president and acting Governor of Virginia in 1726 and 1727 when Gov. Hugh Drysdale went to England. Carter died 1732, when his heirs were listed as the absentee owners (planters) in Caroline Co. with John Adams as the "overseer". Robert's heirs continued to own land there in 1743 with Henry Bell overseeing [Campbell, pp. 380-381].
A Portrait of Robert "King" Carter at the Shirley Plantation before 1726.
On Jan 16, 1732 consent was given by John Carter for his half-sister Mary to marry George Braxton Jr. They had a son Carter (Sep 10, 1736-1797) who was a signer of the Declaration of Independence. Mary Braxton had two other children but died from childbirth [geni.com, website].
A drawing of the The Corotoman Plantation House [Collins, R.E.]. Father Robert started building it in 1720 and lived there until it burned in 1729, but Carter family members lived at the Plantation until 1862. The site was being excavated in 1978 by a state government agency.
John married Elizabeth Cooke Hill of Charles City Co. VA on Oct 3, 1723. She was born on Shirley Plantation in Charles City Co. VA. John eventually inherited Shirley Plantation, where John and Elizabeth lived until 1732 when his father died leaving Corotoman Plantation to him [geni.com, website].
Son John was "chairman of the court" of the Watauga Association (1772), the first majority-rule political system in America.
About 1760, son John married Elizabeth Taylor (1743-1771) and they had one son Landon C. Carter (1760-1800?) who died in Elizabethton, Carter Co. TN. Elizabethton was named for Landon's wife, Elizabeth Maclin Carter (1745-1842) and Carter Co. in far northeastern TN was named for Landon in 1796 [wikipedia, website].
After the French and Indian War (1754-1763), dozens of troops or heirs of troops from Caroline Co. VA appeared in the Order Books claiming "land bounties for services rendered" including son John Carter, Jr., relatives of John's wife, James and Samuel Taylor, and a Nathaniel Holloway, probably Lt. William Nathaniel Holloway, who would have been in their 20s or 30s during most of the war [Campbell, pp. 283, 372].
Half-brother Robert Carter II married a slave named Mary (1703?-1792?) and possibly had three children, including William "Billy" Burke Carter (1725?-1794). He then married Priscilla Churchill (1705-1757) and had at lease two children, including Robert Carter III (1728-1804) who died in Baltimore MD [Burke, Henry Robert, Robert Carter III (1728-1804) ..., henryburke1010.tripod.com, website].
As late as 1757, the heirs of father Robert "King" Carter owned land in Caroline Co. but still had "never resided on their Caroline plantation". That year the sole schoolhouse in St. Mary's Parish was mentioned as being on the Carter land "on Peumendsend [creek] between Port Royal and the Bowling Green" and was apparently "a free school for the children of the overseer and other freeholders nearby" [Campbell, pp. 318, 442]. Son George probably would have just started his schooling by this date.
St Mary's Parish bordered the Rappahannock River to its north and Drysdale Parish to its south. See Map of Caroline Co. drawn in 1751 showing what were previously St. Mary, Drysdale and St. Margaret parishes [Louisa Co. VA Genealogy, website]. The only church in St. Mary by 1760 was the Mount Church on the Rappahannock north of Port Royal [Campbell, p. 430].
Half-brother George died in 1742, unmarried [geni.com, website].
A "John Carter, Jr." [grandson] served with a "John Carter, Sr.", both privates in the NC 6th Regiment under Donohoe's company. Sr. was discharged May 16, 1779. Jr. enlisted in 1777 after Sr., no other info [Univ. of NC, website].
A "John Carter, Jr." [John's grandson] received a warrant for 250 acres in Greene Co. NC (TN). The grant was entered in 1783 and issued Sep 20, 1787 However in 1788 he was a resident of Davidson Co. TN [ancestry.com, website].
Sources:
Burke, Henry Robert, Robert Carter III (1728-1804), Emancipator of the Burke Family", henryburke1010.tripod.com, website.
Campbell, T.E., Colonial Caroline, A History of Caroline County, Virginia, The Dietz Press, Richmond VA, 3rd ed., 1989, pp. 53-54, 283, 305, 318, 380-1, 372, 430, 442.
Caroline Co. Deed Book, Part II, p.135.
Collins, R. E., drawing, "Robert Carter I", wikitree.com, website.
Find-a-grave, memorial of Edward M. Holloway [grandson], #57472710, identifying immigrant ancestors, unknown contributors.
Holloway, Dr. Robert, Rochester NY, emails Jan 2026, re: shared DNA ancestor.
Louisa Co. VA Genealogy, "Caroline Co. Creeks and Rivers", map drawn 1751 by Joshua Fry and Peter Jefferson, website.
Olson, Marie K., compiler, "William Holloway", Charleston SC, Apr 9, 1988; ref to Prince George Co., Virginia Deeds 1713-28, page 292.
Univ. of NC, Colonial and State Records of North Carolina, "Roster of the Troops in the Continental Army", vol. 16, on website, 6th Reginment, pp. 1031.
Virginia Landmarks Register (VLR), "Corotoman", # 051-0034, upd. Jun 30, 2025.
"Virginia Troops in French and Indian Wars", Virginia Hist. Mag., v.1, 1894, p. 389.